![]() ![]() Excerpt from Sigmund von Herberstein's " Rerum Moscoviticarum Commentarii, 1549 Kazakhs, c. Timur described his own youth without direct authority as his Qazaqliq ("freedom", "Qazaq-ness"). Kazakh was a common term throughout medieval Central Asia, generally with regard to individuals or groups who had taken or achieved independence from a figure of authority. Throughout history, Kazakhstan has been home to many nomadic societies of the Eurasian Steppe, including the Sakas ( Scythian-related), the Xiongnu, the Western Turkic Khaganate, the Kipchak Khaganate, the Mongol Empire, the Golden Horde and the Kazakh Khanate, which was established in 1465. Therefore, qazğaq defines a type of person who wanders and seeks gain. According to Turkic linguist Vasily Radlov and Orientalist Veniamin Yudin, the noun qazğaq derives from the same root as the verb qazğan ("to obtain", "to gain"). Īnother theory on the origin of the word Kazakh (originally Qazaq) is that it comes from the ancient Turkic word qazğaq, first mentioned on the 8th century Turkic monument of Uyuk-Turan. Some speculate that it comes from the Turkic verb qaz ("wanderer, brigand, vagabond, warrior, free, independent") or that it derives from the Proto-Turkic word * khasaq (a wheeled cart used by the Kazakhs to transport their yurts and belongings). There are many theories on the origin of the word Kazakh or Qazaq. The Kazakhs likely began using that name during the 15th century. Kazakh is used to refer to ethnic Kazakhs, while the term Kazakhstani usually refers to all inhabitants or citizens of Kazakhstan, regardless of ethnicity. Kazakh identity is of medieval origin and was strongly shaped by the foundation of the Kazakh Khanate between 14, when following disintegration of the Golden Horde, several tribes under the rule of the sultans Janibek and Kerei departed from the Khanate of Abu'l-Khayr Khan in hopes of forming a powerful khanate of their own. қазақтар, qazaqtar, i) are a Turkic people native to Central Asia and Eastern Europe, mainly Kazakhstan, but also parts of northern Uzbekistan and the border regions of Russia, as well as northwestern China (specifically Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture) and western Mongolia ( Bayan-Ölgii Province).The Kazakhs arose from the merging of the medieval Turkic and Mongol tribes. The Kazakhs (also spelled Qazaqs Kazakh: sg. (especially Kyrgyz, Nogai and Karakalpaks, as well as Bashkirs).
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